Contents
2025
Volume: 47 Issue 1
11 Article(s)
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[in Chinese]
High-efficiency GHz single-photon detector based on InGaAs/InP
Jing MA, and Yan LIANG
As the receiving terminal for quantum information systems, improving the photon detection efficiency and working frequency of single-photon detectors holds great significance. In this paper, we present a 2 GHz high-detection-efficiency single-photon detector utilizing an InGaAs/InP avalanche photodiode (APD). By combinAs the receiving terminal for quantum information systems, improving the photon detection efficiency and working frequency of single-photon detectors holds great significance. In this paper, we present a 2 GHz high-detection-efficiency single-photon detector utilizing an InGaAs/InP avalanche photodiode (APD). By combining sinusoidally gated operation with the low-pass filtering technique, the spike noise of the APD was effectively suppressed, achieving a noise rejection ratio of 41.5 dB. With high-frequency gated operation, the detection efficiency reached 40.2% at a wavelength of 1310 nm. The afterpulse probability was 10.0%, and the dark count rate was 7.75×10-6 per gate when the APD was cooled to -10 ℃. The SPD also demonstrated excellent time resolution, with a time jitter of only 80 ps. To further improve the performance of the SPD, we adjust the amplitudes of the gate signal and operating temperatures. The presented SPD provides support for applications such as quantum communication and quantum computing..
Optical Instruments
- Publication Date: Feb. 20, 2025
- Vol. 47, Issue 1, 79 (2025)
Nanograting-integrated dual Schottky junction graphene wavelength detector
Xudong MENG, Yibo DONG, and Xi CHEN
Wavelength detectors are optoelectronic devices distinguishing the wavelength of incident light and have been used for applications including safety detection and biomedicine. Nowadays, wavelength detectors are developed to realize small size, high performance, and feasible integration. In this paper, a single-pixel waWavelength detectors are optoelectronic devices distinguishing the wavelength of incident light and have been used for applications including safety detection and biomedicine. Nowadays, wavelength detectors are developed to realize small size, high performance, and feasible integration. In this paper, a single-pixel wavelength detector was fabricated based on an integration of a graphene-silicon-graphene detector on a nanograting metasurface, in which two nanopillar metasurface filters were printed on symmetrically reversed graphene-silicon Schottky junctions using two-photon femtosecond laser printing technology. The transmittance of the two nanopillar filters was tuned under different incident wavelengths, resulting in different optical responses of the Schottky junctions. The incident wavelength could be detected by measuring the photocurrent and dark current of the device under different bias voltages. The results demonstrated that the wavelength detector could detect visible light with wavelengths rang of 450 nm to 700 nm, with a responsivity of 0.19 μA/W at a bias voltage of 0.1 V and a response speed of less than 1 ms, and the resolution was about 14.1 nm. The device exhibits the advantages of high integration and single-pixel detection, providing an innovative pathway toward high-density on-chip integration of multifunctional detectors..
Optical Instruments
- Publication Date: Feb. 20, 2025
- Vol. 47, Issue 1, 86 (2025)
[in Chinese]
Overview of structured light transmission in biological tissues
Ziyu CHEN, Shuangshuang XU, Chengyao ZHONG, Rongkun ZHENG, and Yongtao ZHANG
The application of light in biological tissues has received increasing attention. Due to their unique optical properties, structured light fields have significantly theoretical and practical values in tissue transmission. To investigate the mechanisms in detail, it is essential to establish comprehensive mathematical sThe application of light in biological tissues has received increasing attention. Due to their unique optical properties, structured light fields have significantly theoretical and practical values in tissue transmission. To investigate the mechanisms in detail, it is essential to establish comprehensive mathematical simulation models to mimic the transmission process, and also to conduct experiments to validate the simulation results. Combining with the latest research progress, this paper systematically reviews and analyese the transmission characteristics of structured light in biological tissues to provide theoretical support and practical reference for future research. The characteristics of biological tissues and the type of structured light are firstly introduced. Then, based on the classification of structured light as a starting point, the effects of frequency/wavelength, polarization, amplitude, phase, vortex structures, and coherent structures on the transmission of light in biological tissues are summarized. The latest research progress in this field is analyzed. Finally, some current research deficiencies and an outlook on future developments and directions in this field are provided..
Optical Instruments
- Publication Date: Feb. 20, 2025
- Vol. 47, Issue 1, 1 (2025)
Research progress on light field manipulation and its advantage in resisting turbulence
Rui CONG, Peiying ZHU, and Dajun LIU
The light has multidimensional parameters such as amplitude, phase and frequency. By controlling a single parameter or jointly manipulating multiple parameters the properties of light can be manipulated. The light field manipulation can be categorized into spatial domain, time domain and time-space domain. The characteThe light has multidimensional parameters such as amplitude, phase and frequency. By controlling a single parameter or jointly manipulating multiple parameters the properties of light can be manipulated. The light field manipulation can be categorized into spatial domain, time domain and time-space domain. The characteristics can be realized by modulating intensity, phase, polarization, and frequency. In recent years, the light field manipulation has presented the potential in the production of light field, and revealed innovative phenomena. This paper overviews the research progress of theory of light field manipulation, and the application of light field manipulation in turbulent atmosphere. The results show that light field manipulation is an effective way to overcome the negative of atmospheric turbulence..
Optical Instruments
- Publication Date: Feb. 20, 2025
- Vol. 47, Issue 1, 26 (2025)
Heterogeneous acceleration absolute flatness testing
Yuhang LI, Sen HAN, Xueyuan LI, Chunfeng XU, and Chenxi GONG
The growing field of optical interferometry requires instruments with higher lateral resolution. High-resolution implies long processing time, which significantly affects testing efficiency. In order to improve the testing efficiency, a Zernike polynomial absolute flatness testing utilizing parallel acceleration of CPUThe growing field of optical interferometry requires instruments with higher lateral resolution. High-resolution implies long processing time, which significantly affects testing efficiency. In order to improve the testing efficiency, a Zernike polynomial absolute flatness testing utilizing parallel acceleration of CPU/GPU heterogeneous computing was proposed, which used CPU for process to control and GPU multi-core advantage to discretize the elements in the flatness for parallel solving. Performance was further optimized useing mixed-precision in Zernike coefficient solving and peak-to-valley (PV) and root mean square (RMS) were solved with warp-level primitive instructions. Using 512×512, 1024 ×1024 , 2 048×2 048, and 4096 ×4096 optically flat surfaces on the RTX3070–Laptop hardware, the speed increased by 47, 56, 58, and 70 times respectively in the overall process compared to the CPU version..
Optical Instruments
- Publication Date: Feb. 20, 2025
- Vol. 47, Issue 1, 32 (2025)
Continuous frame photography method based on Moire fringe technique for obtaining radial pulse waves
Xianyang TIAN, Zexi ZHENG, Huazhong XIANG, Jiaqing TAO, and Zhixian MEI
The pulse is one of the important human physiological parameters, and the non-contact acquisition of pulse waves holds significant clinical application value. This paper proposes a method for amplifying the original vibration signal of the radial artery skin surface using Moire fringe technology under LED light, enabliThe pulse is one of the important human physiological parameters, and the non-contact acquisition of pulse waves holds significant clinical application value. This paper proposes a method for amplifying the original vibration signal of the radial artery skin surface using Moire fringe technology under LED light, enabling the detection of pulse waves by recording the pulsation of the radial artery through continuous frame imaging. In the experiment, a striped thin film was adhered to the surface of the radial artery, and another set of stripes was placed 2～3 cm away from the artery formed Moire fringes under LED illumination. An industrial camera was used to continuously capture a sequence of images showing the periodic movement of the Moire fringes caused by radial artery pulsation. A region of interest was selected to extract the original pulse signal, which was then filtered using bandpass filtering and variational mode decomposition to obtain a pulse wave that preserved the detailed characteristics of the pulse. The results of measuring the pulse wave signals from multiple subjects demonstrate that this method can acquire complete pulse wave signals, retaining various features such as the primary wave, tidal wave, and dicrotic wave. The proposed method offers valuable reference for the non-contact acquisition of human pulse waves..
Optical Instruments
- Publication Date: Feb. 20, 2025
- Vol. 47, Issue 1, 41 (2025)
A study of full-spectrum filterless microscopy
Shaojie YOU, Bo DAI, and Dawei ZHANG
Traditional fluorescence microscopy extensively employs fluorescence imaging techniques in biological imaging, playing a crucial role in fundamental scientific research and clinical studies. However, conventional fluorescence microscopic systems often rely on spectral filters to separate fluorescence signals from excitTraditional fluorescence microscopy extensively employs fluorescence imaging techniques in biological imaging, playing a crucial role in fundamental scientific research and clinical studies. However, conventional fluorescence microscopic systems often rely on spectral filters to separate fluorescence signals from excitation light, resulting in degradation of detection speed and sensitivity as well as complexity of the systems. To address this issue, we introduce two full-spectrum filterless microscopy imaging techniques. The first technique utilizes an ultrafast and broadband white light source, enabling fluorescence excitation without the need for spectral filtering. A time-resolved detector is employed to exclude excitation light in the time domain, thereby enhancing detection speed and sensitivity. The second technique exploits the polarization and coherence of fluorescence emission, employing linearly polarized illumination and a cross analyzer to improve the contrast between fluorescence and scattering light, facilitating fluorescence image acquisition within the 450-680 nm spectral range. These two full-spectrum filterless microscopy techniques offer efficient and sensitive solutions for the field of biological imaging while simplifying optical configurations..
Optical Instruments
- Publication Date: Feb. 20, 2025
- Vol. 47, Issue 1, 51 (2025)
Research on quantum-dot immunochromatographic test strip based on environmental virus detector
Xiangyang WU, and Lulu ZHENG
In recent years, major infectious outbreaks such as influenza A (H1N1), Ebola, influenza B, and novel coronavirus have had a huge impact on human health and safety, so the detection and prevention of environmental viruses is crucial. As an emerging technology that can rapidly detect viruses, immunochromatographic stripIn recent years, major infectious outbreaks such as influenza A (H1N1), Ebola, influenza B, and novel coronavirus have had a huge impact on human health and safety, so the detection and prevention of environmental viruses is crucial. As an emerging technology that can rapidly detect viruses, immunochromatographic strip technology has the advantages of universality and strong specificity compared with ELISA, which solves the problems of complicated and long time of traditional viral antigen detection process, and also provides a new development direction for environmental monitoring. However, the traditional immunochromatographic test strips have the disadvantages of single detection index and high detection limit. Based on immunochromatographic strips and quantum dot fluorescence nanospheres, a quantum dot fluorescence immunochromatographic strip was designed in this study, which has the characteristics of good photostability, high brightness, and low detection limit. By using the fluorescence detection module of the supporting instrument for analysis and detection, viruses in the environment can be quickly detected based on the excitation light of quantum dot fluorescent nanospheres. The operation is simple and the data is stable, providing a new approach for environmental virus detection..
Optical Instruments
- Publication Date: Feb. 20, 2025
- Vol. 47, Issue 1, 58 (2025)
Optical force of azimuthally polarized circular Airy beams with a first order vortex on Rayleigh particles
Yiqian ZHU, and Tao GENG
In this paper, the optical force characteristics of the azimuthally polarized circular Airy beams with a first order vortex on Rayleigh particles are studied in detail. The introduction of orbital angular momentum leads to the localization of the spin angular momentum in the focal plane of the azimuthally polarized beaIn this paper, the optical force characteristics of the azimuthally polarized circular Airy beams with a first order vortex on Rayleigh particles are studied in detail. The introduction of orbital angular momentum leads to the localization of the spin angular momentum in the focal plane of the azimuthally polarized beam. The polarization singularity disappears and the original dark focal spot becomes a bright focal spot. In this paper, the influence of different beam parameters on the auto-focusing characteristics of the circular airy beams was calculated and analyzed by using the vector Rayleigh-Sommerfeld diffraction integral. Then, the scattering force and gradient force distribution of glass particles and bubbles in the focal area were calculated, and the trap stiffness at different force equilibrium positions was analyzed. The results show that the vector circularly Airy beams can efficiently confine glass particles in both longitudinal and transverse directions, with much lower intensity requirements than Gaussian beams under the same conditions. For bubbles, the vector circularly Airy beams can only maintain the confinement in the longitudinal direction, and the intensity requirement is much larger than that of the glass particles, while the Gaussian beam with the same condition cannot confine the bubbles..
Optical Instruments
- Publication Date: Feb. 20, 2025
- Vol. 47, Issue 1, 65 (2025)
A photoelectric autocollimator system design with high measurement stability
Qian XIAO, Xiantong YU, Jun ZHOU, Kuigui LIU, and Jigang CHEN
The photoelectric autocollimator has the characteristic of strong optical path dependence in the angle measurement process, so it is easy to cause unstable measurement results. In order to solve the above problem, this paper analyzes the influence of the partial occlusion of the optical path of the system on the measurThe photoelectric autocollimator has the characteristic of strong optical path dependence in the angle measurement process, so it is easy to cause unstable measurement results. In order to solve the above problem, this paper analyzes the influence of the partial occlusion of the optical path of the system on the measurement error, and establishes a mathematical model of the angular error to test the autocollimator. Combined with the analysis results, the geometric parameters of the splitter were optimized to reduce the dependence of the measurement results on the optical path, and the optical system of the autocollimator was further optimized to deal with the fluctuation of the measurement results caused by the low energy transmission efficiency after the narrowing of the slit. At the same time, the optical path structure of double-CCD sampling is proposed to reduce the data fluctuation caused by random errors or the false target caused by too few data. The results show that the designed autocollimator optical system has the advantages of good stability and simple structure. The modulation transfer function value of each field at 62.5 lp/mm is higher than 0.2, the maximum distortion value is less than 0.0052 %, and the energy transmission is close to the diffraction limit. It provides reference for improving the measurement stability of the photoelectric autocollimator..
Optical Instruments
- Publication Date: Feb. 20, 2025
- Vol. 47, Issue 1, 72 (2025)
SPECIAL COLUMN: CONSTRUCTION and TRANSMISSION of STRUCTURED LIGHT FIELDS
Generation and Talbot effect of optical vortex lattices with high orbital angular momentum
Yidan ZHANG, Hao GUO, Zijing WANG, Hao LUO... and Zhenkun WU|Show fewer author(s)
Optical vortex lattices (OVL) are gaining increased research attention owing to their unique features related to intensity and phase structure. Interference is a common method for generating an OVL. However, the topological charge (TC) carried in OVL is usually small and fixed and cannot be modulated, limiting its applOptical vortex lattices (OVL) are gaining increased research attention owing to their unique features related to intensity and phase structure. Interference is a common method for generating an OVL. However, the topological charge (TC) carried in OVL is usually small and fixed and cannot be modulated, limiting its applications in many fields. This study applied phase multiplication to generate a high-order OVL to facilitate the arbitrary modulation of the TC. The generated high-order OVL exhibited the Talbot effect during transmission, and it transformed into a super-honeycomb lattice with specific fractional Talbot lengths. In addition, an orbital angular momentum was developed in the OVL. This has broad application prospects in optical micromanipulation. Furthermore, a method for generating super-honeycomb lattices was proposed. The findings of this study not only enhance understanding of the Talbot effect but also broaden the practical applications of OVL..
Optical Instruments
- Publication Date: Feb. 20, 2025
- Vol. 47, Issue 1, 14 (2025)
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