Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) has the advantages of a low test sample requirement, high sensitivity to characteristic groups and simple sample preparation and analysis. Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) is important because of its high detection rate sensitivity to trace elements, low detection limit and ability to analyse multiple elements simultaneously. Synergistically, the use of FTIR and ICP aids in the rapid identification of chemical elements and groups of functional medical materials, thereby providing new design ideas and theoretical basis for the development of bionic medical antibacterial materials. Hydroxyapatite (HA) is used in thin film materials because of its excellent bone conduction and osteoinductive properties. Titanium-implanted surface HA film is currently in the clinical application stage, but the brittleness and lack of antibacterial properties of HA often lead to implant failure. Thus, a bone-promoting functional coating with good wear resistance and excellent bacteriostasis must be developed to address these limitations. This paper presents a method for preparing a bone-promoting coating on the surface of titanium with good abrasion resistance and excellent bacteriostasis. The antibacterial ion sustained release law and biological activity of the coating were studied. For the first time, a gelatin, silver (Ag) and magnesium (Mg) ion-modified hydroxyapatite (Mg-Ag-HA/gelatin) antibacterial coating was prepared on the surface of industrial pure titanium. Ag was introduced into the HA coating to improve its antibacterial properties, while Mg was added to improve the biocompatibility of industrial pure titanium. Gelatin could simultaneously improve the biocompatibility and mechanics of HA. The release and sustainability of Mg and Ag in the coating were determined using ICP-MS. Morphology, Ca/P, chemical structure and crystal structure of deposited Mg-Ag-HA/gelatin were characterized using FTIR, scanning electron microscopy, electron diffraction spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction. Results showed that a Ca-COO chemical bond formed between the carboxyl group of gelatin and the calcium ion of HA. Gelatin and Mg-Ag-HA formed an organic-inorganic composite coating, and Mg and Ag were successfully introduced and evenly distributed into the HA lattice. After simulated body fluid immersion, a new calcium-deficient HA was formed on the surface of the Mg-Ag-HA/gelatin-coated samples, and new Mg, Na and Cl were detected in the spherical apatite. Results showed that the new composite coating has good biological activity. SEM and laser confocal experiments showed that mouse MC3T3-E1 cells adhered well on the film and had good morphology. The composite coating did not manifest cytotoxicity. The addition of gelatin greatly reduces the release rate of Mg2+ and Ag+ in the composite coating, improves the physiological stability of the composite coating and guarantees the long-term antibacterial function of the coating. As a titanium-based coating material, Mg-Ag-HA/gelatin has good antibacterial ion release ability and excellent biocompatibility, which provides a new idea for the development of new anti-infective surgical implants.