borne paint was studied in the article in which the solvent water was regarded as a variable factor. A series of paint samples with different percentage of water were configured before observing their storage performance and microstructures by using Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) ATR (attenuated total reflection) spectroscopy and diffuse reflectance (DF) FTIR spectroscopy. The effects of construction process and solvent water on the coating film were examined through analyzing the changes of internal functional groups before and after coating. The results indicated that as the amount of solvent water was increased, the characteristic peak of νCO in 1 727 cm-1 turned into acromion, the absorption peak in 871 cm-1 was blue shifted, the intensity of the peak of hydroxyl (νOH) in 3 400 cm-1 and unsaturated absorption peak of ν—CH in 3 030 cm-1 gradually weakened, the absorption peaks strengths of ν—CH3 and ν—CH2 in 2 962 and 2 871 cm-1 increased, respectively. The absorption peak in 2 516 cm-1 was shifted to 2 603 cm-1 then form the acromion, the absorption peak of 1 647 cm-1 gradually changed to 1 455 cm-1, the stretching vibration absorption peak of νC—O in 1 107 cm-1 was red-shifted. During the coating process of paint, the solvent water and paint molecules interacted with each other, having a significant impact on the electron cloud density distribution of the paint molecules. The results obtained in the article have an important significance for the production and construction of paint.