Laser imaging detection is an important direction of fuze technology development. The panoramic imaging detection technology can effectively improve the detection capability of the fuze system. In this paper, a simple panoramic laser imaging fuze principle and structure were firstly proposed that can realize 360° panoramic detection and create a target image in the process of missile-target encounter. Secondly, the model of missile-target encounter and the 3D model of target were established. The process of aerial and ground target imaging detection was simulated, and the images of the target were generated. Finally, the simulation software of panoramic laser imaging fuze was designed to generate the simulation data of imaging fuze under various missile-target encounter conditions, including target gray image, binary image, echo signal and so on. It is great favourable for the design of image recognition circuit and the panoramic laser imaging fuze′s final engineering realization.