A new kind of adaptive enhancement approach, based on shuffled frog-leaping optimization algorithm and incomplete Beta function, is given to streak tube image of streak tube camera. There is not only the local but also the global information exchange in shuffled frog-leaping algorithm. So the result of exploration is reliable and the speed of constringency is fast. The adaptive parameters of gray transform function are selected by shuffled frog-leaping algorithm, so it could get an optimization curve and enhance the image. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm is efficient for streak tube image. Compared with traditional enhancement methods, the proposed algorithm can keep the detail of target in the streak image better, and it is superior to traditional enhancement methods in visual quality.