Fupeng Wang, Ze Han, Jianguo Zhang, Jinghua Wu, Qiang Wang, "Highly sensitive carbon dioxide detection based on enhanced photoacoustic spectroscopy with a thulium-doped fiber amplifier," Chin. Opt. Lett. 23, 023001 (2025)
- Chinese Optics Letters
- Vol. 23, Issue 2, 023001 (2025)
![Pump selection of the thulium-doped fiber. (a) Simplified energy level bands of the Tm3+. (b) Absorption and emission cross-section spectra of thulium[31]. GSA, ground state absorption; ESA, excited state absorption.](/richHtml/col/2025/23/2/023001/img_001.jpg)
Fig. 1. Pump selection of the thulium-doped fiber. (a) Simplified energy level bands of the Tm3+. (b) Absorption and emission cross-section spectra of thulium[31]. GSA, ground state absorption; ESA, excited state absorption.
Fig. 2. Schematic of the experimental setup.
Fig. 3. Absorption line selection for CO2 detection. (a) CO2 and H2O molecular absorption lines at the wavelength band of 2000–2005 nm; (b) second-harmonic signals of different pump powers at 2004 nm; (c) second-harmonic amplitudes of different CO2 absorption lines in different pump powers.
Fig. 4. Second-harmonic signals in different concentrations based on 3 W pump power. Inset: second-harmonic signal of 500 ppm CO2 without a pump.
Fig. 5. Performance analysis. (a) Linearity of CO2 detection in concentration range of 0–10,000 ppm. (b) Linearity of CO2 detection in low concentration range of 0–500 ppm. (c) Non-absorption noise measured in pure N2.
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Table 1. Performance Indicators of Carbon Dioxide Sensors Based on PAS Technology
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