The detection of the main components in crude oil samples and the origin traceability is of great significance to the fields of national defense security and ecological environment. At this stage, the measurement of crude oil composition are complicated, high-cost, and have long detection time, which cannot meet the demands of rapid detection of crude oil composition and traceability of the origin of crude oil. Combining with a highly sensitive terahertz detection chip (Based on dual torus toroidal effect) and terahertz time-domain spectroscopy system, the terahertz spectra of crude oil samples from different origins were measured in this paper, and it was found that the frequency shift of the chip resonant peak showed different rules. For two main indicators of sulfur content and residual carbon in crude oil, quantitative analysis can be carried out according to their unique frequency shifts. The calculation of experimental data shows that the relative difference of the average resonance frequency of crude oil from the same origin is about 4.63%, and the relative difference of the average resonance frequency of crude oil from different production areas is about 56.53%, which can clearly distinguish the origin of crude oil. The designed metasurface chip can excite new electromagnetic mode, providing a highly sensitive detection technology, which can be widely used in real-time monitoring of biomolecules or detection of chemical substances (such as crude oil) composition detection, origin traceability and other fields.