Based on the principle of surface plasmon resonance (SPR), a dual-channel optical fiber surface plasmon resonance sensor based on composite membrane was designed. The simulation software of FDTD Solutions was used to simulate and analyze the electric field transmission mode of the sensor, the performance of the single-layer metal Ag film and Ag-ITO composite membrane was compared, and the structure of single channel and double channel was analyzed comparatively. The results show that the sensitivity and quality factors of the dual-channel structure with Ag-ITO and Au-TiO2 composite membrane are obviously better than that of the traditional single-layer metal film and single-channel structure. The designed sensor can not only solve the crosstalk problem of resonance wavelength by the high differentiation of resonance drift range of the two sensor channels, but also one of the sensor channels in the dual-channel structure can be used as a reference channel to provide self-compensation capability for the sensor.