Discrimination of Millet Varieties and Producing Areas Based on Infrared Spectroscopy

Xue TIAN; Qian CHE; Wei-min YAN; Quan-hong OU; You-ming SHI; Gang LIU

doi:10.3964/j.issn.1000-0593(2022)06-1841-07

Journals >Spectroscopy and Spectral Analysis >Volume 42 >Issue 6 >Page 1841 > Article

Spectroscopy and Spectral Analysis
Vol. 42, Issue 6, 1841 (2022)

Discrimination of Millet Varieties and Producing Areas Based on Infrared Spectroscopy

Xue TIAN^1,1;, Qian CHE^1,1;, Wei-min YAN^1,1;, Quan-hong OU^1,1;..., You-ming SHI^2,2; and Gang LIU^{1,1; *;}|Show fewer author(s)

Author Affiliations

¹1. School of Physics and Electronic Information, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, China

²2. School of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Qujing Normal University, Qujing 655011, China

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DOI: 10.3964/j.issn.1000-0593(2022)06-1841-07 Cite this Article

Xue TIAN, Qian CHE, Wei-min YAN, Quan-hong OU, You-ming SHI, Gang LIU. Discrimination of Millet Varieties and Producing Areas Based on Infrared Spectroscopy[J]. Spectroscopy and Spectral Analysis, 2022, 42(6): 1841 Copy Citation Text

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FTIR spectra of eleven different species of millet samplesa: Jigu25; b: Jigu1165; c: Jinsu4; d: Dabaigu; e: 8311; f: Qinhuang2; g: Fenzhouxiang; h: Fuxihuang; i: Mizhi; j: Ruanhuangmi; k: Dajinmiao

Fig. 1. FTIR spectra of eleven different species of millet samples
a: Jigu25; b: Jigu1165; c: Jinsu4; d: Dabaigu; e: 8311; f: Qinhuang2; g: Fenzhouxiang; h: Fuxihuang; i: Mizhi; j: Ruanhuangmi; k: Dajinmiao

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Second derivative spectra of millet samplesa: Jigu25; b: Jigu1165; c: Jinsu4; d: Dabaigu; e: 8311; f: Qinhuang2; g: Fenzhouxiang; h: Fuxihuang; i: Mizhi; j: Ruanhuangmi; k: Dajinmiao

Fig. 2. Second derivative spectra of millet samples
a: Jigu25; b: Jigu1165; c: Jinsu4; d: Dabaigu; e: 8311; f: Qinhuang2; g: Fenzhouxiang; h: Fuxihuang; i: Mizhi; j: Ruanhuangmi; k: Dajinmiao

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Fig. 3. 2D-IR spectra of millet in 1 200~860 cm^-1
(a): Jigu25; (b): Jigu1165; (c): Jinsu4; (d): Dabaigu; (e): 8311; (f): Qinhuang2; (g): Fenzhouxiang; (h): Fuxihuang; (i): Mizhi; (j): Ruanhuangmi; (k): Dajinmiao

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Fig. 4. 2D-IR spectra of millet samples in 1 700~1 180 cm^-1
(a): Jigu25; (b): Jigu1165; (c): Jinsu4; (d): Dabaigu; (e): 8311; (f): Qinhuang2; (g): Fenzhouxiang; (h): Fuxihuang; (i): Mizhi; (j): Ruanhuangmi; (k): Dajinmiao

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Fig. 5. The original spectra and curve fitting spectra of three species of millet samples in the range of 1 700~1 600 cm^-1
(a): Jigu25; (b): Jigu1165; (c): Jinsu4

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Fig. 6. PCA analyses of millet from different origins in the range of 1 800~800 cm^-1
(a): 3D score plots; (b): PC-1 loading plots

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样品	来源	取样数量
济谷25号(a)	山东省济南市	16
济谷1165号(b)	山东省济南市	15
金粟4号(c)	山东省济南市	16
大白谷(d)	河北省怀安县	20
8311号(e)	河北省蔚县	17
沁黄2号(f)	山西省沁县	19
汾州香(g)	山西省吕梁市	18
富硒黄(h)	山西省太原市	16
米脂(i)	陕西省榆林市	17
软黄米(j)	陕西省延安市	16
大金苗(k)	辽宁省朝阳市	16

Table 1. Variety and origin informations of millet samples

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波数/cm^-1	振动模式	归属	波数/cm^-1	振动模式	归属
3 400	ν O—H	多糖^[12]	1 158	ν C—O; ν C—C	淀粉^[13]
2 928	ν_as—CH₂	酯类^[11]	1 082	δ C—OH	淀粉^[11]
2856	ν_s—CH₂	酯类^[11]	1 015	ν C—O; δ C—OH	多糖^[11];淀粉^[13]
1 748	νC=O	饱和脂肪酸酯^[12]	925	ν_s C—OC	多糖^[11];淀粉^[13]
1 660	νC=O	酰胺Ⅰ带^[13]	857	δ C—H; ω CH₂	淀粉^[12]
1 538	ν C—N	酰胺Ⅱ带^[13]	767	ν C—C	淀粉^[11]
1 461	δ C—O	多糖^[13];淀粉^[11]	707	ω—OH	淀粉^[13]
1 342	δ C—O—H	多糖^[13]	574	δ C—O	淀粉^[11];多糖^[13]

Table 2. The main peaks positions and assignments of millet

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样品	自动峰数目	最强自动峰/cm^-1	弱自动峰/cm^-1	次强峰 /cm^-1
济谷1165号(b)	10	1 070	1 010	890, 1 140
富硒黄(h)	10	1 070	1 050	1 140
大金苗(k)	9	1 070	1 010	880, 1 140
金粟4号(c)	8	1 070	1 010	890, 1 140
8311号(e)	8	1 070	1 040	890, 1 140
软黄米(j)	8	1 070	1 040	1 140
济谷25号(a)	7	1 070	1 040	890
大白谷(d)	7	1 070	1 000	890, 1 140
汾州香(g)	7	890	1 000	1 070, 1 140
米脂(i)	7	1 070	1 040	980, 1 140
沁黄2号(f)	6	1 070	1 040	890, 1 140

Table 3. The automatic peaks of 2D-IR spectra of different millets at 1 200~860 cm^-1

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样品	自动峰数目	最强自动峰/cm^-1	弱自动峰/cm^-1	次强峰 /cm^-1
大金苗(k)	10	1 640	1 460	1 230
米脂(i)	7	1 640	1 506	1 230
软黄米(j)	7	1 640	1 580	1 220
8311号(e)	6	1 640	1 500	1 220
富硒黄(h)	6	1 640	1 460	1 230
济谷25号(a)	5	1 650	1 400	1 220
济谷1165号(b)	5	1 640	1 500	1 220
金粟4号(c)	5	1 640	1 510	1 230
大白谷(d)	5	1 640	1 400, 1 500	1 220
沁黄2号(f)	5	1 640	1 400	1 220
汾州香(g)	5	1 640	1 400, 1 500	1 220

Table 4. The automatic peaks of 2D-IR spectra of different millets at 1 700~1 180 cm^-1

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No	济谷25号(a)			济谷1165号(b)			金粟4号(c)
No	波数/cm^-1	峰面积	峰面积百分比/%	波数/cm^-1	峰面积	峰面积百分比/%	波数/cm^-1	峰面积	峰面积百分比/%
1	1 613	0.37	2.57±0.58	1 613	0.33	2.46±0.46	1 614	0.37	2.70±1.01
2	1 627	2.31	15.93±1.04	1 628	2.31	17.42±1.70	1 631	2.93	21.37±1.65
3	1 640	2.05	14.18±1.34	1 639	0.02	0.15±1.73	1 644	2.28	16.62±1.04
4	1 648	2.10	14.51±1.46	1 645	3.95	29.75±1.48	1 656	3.05	22.26±1.57
5	1 661	4.39	30.28±1.54	1 660	2.96	22.33±1.77	1 668	2.55	18.57±1.51
6	1 673	1.40	9.65±1.14	1 673	2.14	16.10±1.22	1 678	1.23	8.95±1.37
7	1 683	1.29	8.91±1.25	1 683	1.03	7.75±0.90	1 685	0.78	5.72±1.29
8	1 691	0.46	3.20±0.88	1 691	0.42	3.16±0.82	1 692	0.42	3.03±0.73
9	1 696	0.11	0.78±0.71	1 696	0.12	0.88±0.81	1 697	0.11	0.79±0.78

Table 5. Percentage of peak area of three kinds of millet in the range of 1 700~1 600 cm^-1

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