As food safety problem has become the focus of attention all over the world, green detection methods of the contaminants in food is in accordance with the sustainable development of environment. Heavy metal pollutant Cd element in rice was used as the object of study in this work, laser induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) and microwave assisted laser induced breakdown spectroscopy (MA-LIBS) were utilized to detect the blank and laboratory polluted rice samples respectively. The characteristic line of Cd Ⅰ 228.802 nm was employed as analytical line to discuss the enhancement effect of plasmas emission intensity for the analytical line of target element. Meanwhile, the actual concentration of Cd in rice was measured by anodic stripping voltammetry. The result displayed that LIBS can just detect the plasmas signals of the sample which contained 13.69 μg·g-1 cadmium for the laboratory polluted rice samples which concentration range from 2.16 to 13.69 μg·g-1, however, in the same experimental conditions, MA-LIBS can detect the plasmas signals of Cd in all of the contaminated rice samples successfully, and compared with LIBS, the plasmas emission intensity of Cd element was enhanced from 9 to 27 times. The results showed that the plasmas emission intensity of Cd element in rice can be enhanced effectively by MA-LIBS, and the detection sensitivity can be effectively improved.