Graphene is an excellent base material for a nanoelectromechanical system (NEMS) because of its extraordinary characteristics, including a large specific surface area, high Young's modulus, enormous stiffness, and low density. The graphene NEMS mainly studies the electromechanical properties of graphene films. Its resonant frequency has a very sensitive response to mass, force, and heat, which has a great application prospect in the sensing field. Meanwhile, the optical fiber sensor has been widely studied and applied, whose combination with graphene can possess a greater advantage. In this paper, the working principle, preparation process, sensing application of the graphene NEMS as well as the fiber-based graphene NEMS sensors are reviewed and prospected.