The output beam of the laser resonator is Gaussian, which makes it often unable to be used directly. It is necessary to improve the uniformity through beam shaping to meet the application requirements. Starting from the characteristics of optical system, this paper summarizes three main laser beam shaping technologies, including aperture method, field mapper method, and multi-aperture beam focusing method, respectively introduces the basic principle, application range, and main realization methods of three laser beam shaping technologies, and expounds the typical application and research progress of different laser beam shaping methods. Finally, the current problems and future development of laser beam shaping technology are comprehensively discussed. This review has certain reference significance for the research of laser beam shaping technology.