It takes more time and energy for eggs to hatch, but the circumstances of hatching egg embryo growth are less than 100%. The early discrimination of hatching eggs can reduce the economic loss and improve the efficiency. The near-infrared spectral analysis technology used in detecting the early fertilization information of hatching eggs because of speed and harmless. However, the existing detection method can not meet the requirement of detecting position. The necessitated problem is to build the relationship between the detecting position and the internal information. The visible/near-infrared spectroscopy detection system was used to collect the diffuse reflectance spectrum intensity of eggshell. 181 fresh eggs with similar shell color and no surface cracks were selected for analysis, and 61 samples were randomly selected for cross-validation. In order to eliminate the influence of dark current, the diffuse reflectance of eggshell was obtained by spectral correction. It was found that the trend of the spectral curve of fertile egg and the infertile egg was the same, and the spectral curves of position 3 and 4 were higher than position 1 and 2. The effective spectral bands of 440.27~874.6 nm were selected for the study. SGolay smoothing, second derivative, SNV, normalize and MSC pretreatment method were used to construct the PCA-SVM discrimination model. Then the data after 24, 48, 72, 96 and 120 h was collected at different positions. The results showed that the accuracy of derivative was as same as the accuracy of MSC, which indicated that the two pretreatment methods were not sensitive to the change of position through the analysis of data and ertilization information. The accuracy of the validation set was fluctuated in a certain range, and the accuracy rate after 120 h was 91.71% when the pretreatment methods of Normalize and SGolay were used to reduce noise. The accuracy rate of SNV pretreatment at the equator showed an upward trend with time, and it was sensitive to the time and position. The longer the embryo development, the better the discrimination effect. The best discrimination accuracy rate was 91.16% at the equator after 120 h. Moreover, smoothing, SNV and normalize have the highest discrimination accuracy at equator, which was mainly because the equator’s surface is flat and more information was collected. This study provides a new idea and method for the early identification of the data acquisition position.