Mineral resources are abundant in cold and high-altitude areas in China.However,these areas are characterized by low temperature,low atmospheric pressure,freeze-thaw cycle and fragile ecology,which lead to the existing mining theory and technology can′t meet the problem of the safe and efficient mining of mineral resources.Therefore,through a large number of literature research,the difficulties of blasting construction in alpine and high altitude areas are summarized,which are mainly divided into three aspects:plateau,frozen soil and ecological environment.In response to the plateau problem,measures of strengthening safety management are proposed to ensure the safety of construction personnel.The important measures such as adding antifreeze to finished explosives and adding anti-caking agents to granular ammonium nitrate to ensure the performance of explosive,and improving the reliability of detonation transmission by pressure relief treatment of detonating detonators.Aiming at the problem of frozen soil,deep hole blasting is used.The important measures such as adjusting the charging structure and construction organization to improve the effect of frozen soil blasting,and using over-drilling,dredging,and hole protection to solve the problem of difficult drilling.As for the issue of ecological environment,the principle of prevention first,protection first,development and protection equally important is adopted to avoid blasting excavation damage to the ecological environment around the construction site and reduce the thermal thawing of frozen soil to protect the ecological environment.In addition,the application of detonating tube detonator,electronic detonator and field mixed explosive technology in cold and high-altitude area is introduced in detail.The slow pressure relief of detonator can effectively reduce the generation of blind gun.The construction efficiency of electronic detonator is about 3 times higher than that of detonating tube detonator,which can carry out network detection and guarantee the quasi-explosion rate.The technology of field mixed charge explosive has the advantages of reducing labor intensity,improving work efficiency,enlarging blasting scale and improving blasting effect.Finally,the research direction and development trend of field mixed explosive blasting technology,tunnelling electronic detonator and mine regreening technology in cold and high-altitude areas in the future are prospected.