To ensure the corrector lens meet the imaging quality of design requirements under the change of gravity, the large aperture corrector lens needs a wavefront detection method for implementing system adjustment detection. Firstly, on the basis of the differential optical transfer function (dOTF), the wavefront alignment detection technology was proposed consequently. Next, the error effects caused by the phase resolution, CCD detection noise and atmospheric disturbance on the detection algorithm were analyzed. The results show that the detection error is less than 10%, 1% and 2.5%. The overall measurement precision obtained by superposition is about 10.3%, which meets the design indexes of general large aperture survey design requirement. Finally, the accuracy of the detection method in the 80 mm transmission system was verified by the experiment. From the experimental results, the main error of wavefront detection is coma, which is consistent with the theoretical analysis results and consistent with the geometric optical prediction results.