Because of dispersion and nonlinear effects in optical fibers, chaotic signals are difficult to obtain long-range synchronization. Meanwhile, due to the characteristics of pure optical domain signal processing used for optical injection chaos synchronization, it cannot be fused with existing communication systems' electric domain nonlinear compensation. As a result, this paper proposes a technical solution for realizing laser chaotic long-distance synchronization by combining dispersion management with optical domain-based nonlinear management based on the NLS equation. The synchronization and transmission characteristics at various transmission distances and different injection intensities are studied in detail. The findings demonstrate that the system is capable of achieving secure communication at a 1 Gb/s information rate, 1000 km of transmission distance, and 0.5 mW of injection intensity. The synchronous carrier correlation coefficient can exceed 0.97.