Semi-quantum private comparison protocol based on four-particle GHZ state

HUANG Guan; LOU Xiaoping

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1007-5461.2023.05.012

Journals >Chinese Journal of Quantum Electronics >Volume 40 >Issue 5 >Page 726 > Article

Chinese Journal of Quantum Electronics
Vol. 40, Issue 5, 726 (2023)

Semi-quantum private comparison protocol based on four-particle GHZ state

HUANG Guan^* and LOU Xiaoping

Author Affiliations

College of Information Science and Engineering, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China

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DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1007-5461.2023.05.012 Cite this Article

Guan HUANG, Xiaoping LOU. Semi-quantum private comparison protocol based on four-particle GHZ state[J]. Chinese Journal of Quantum Electronics, 2023, 40(5): 726 Copy Citation Text

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Fig. 1. Flow chart of the proposed protocol

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Quantum circuit diagram of quantum state for G11234

Fig. 2. Quantum circuit diagram of quantum state for

{|G_{1}〉}_{1234}

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Fig. 3. Quantum circuit diagram of quantum state for

{|G_{2}〉}_{1234}

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Fig. 4. Quantum circuit diagram of quantum state for

{|G_{3}〉}_{1234}

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Fig. 5. Quantum circuit diagram of quantum state for

{|G_{4}〉}_{1234}

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案例	Alice的操作	Bob的操作	TP的操作
1	R	R	对反射的粒子执行Bell联合测量, 检测窃听者的存在
2	M	M	接收 $R_{A}$ 和 $R_{B}$ , 计算 $R^{i}$ , 比较双方秘密信息是否相等

Table 1. Actions performed by three participants

$M_{A}^{j}$	$M_{B}^{j}$	$C^{j}$
$\|0〉$	$\|0〉$	00
$\|0〉$	$\|1〉$	01
$\|1〉$	$\|0〉$	10
$\|1〉$	$\|1〉$	11

Table 2. The corresponding relationship between

M_{A}^{j} (M_{B}^{j})

and

C^{j}

运行环境

{|φ_{1}〉}_{1234}

{|φ_{2}〉}_{1234}

{|φ_{3}〉}_{1234}

{|φ_{4}〉}_{1234}

后端: ibmq_qasm_simulator

发射次数: 8192

|0000〉

: 100%

|0001〉

: 100%

|0010〉

: 100%

|0011〉

: 100%

后端: ibmq_manila

发射次数: 8192

|0000〉

: 86.18%

|0001〉

: 52.87%

|0010〉

: 65.04%

|0011〉

: 62.39%

Table 3. Comparison of experimental results of different quantum states at different back ends

	文献 [31] 协议	文献 [3] 协议	文献 [27] 协议	文献 [28] 协议		本研究提出的协议
	文献 [31] 协议	文献 [3] 协议	文献 [27] 协议	协议1	协议2	本研究提出的协议
初始量子态	Bell态	两粒子乘积态	单光子	Bell态	Bell态	四粒子 GHZ态
TP的测量操作	单光子测量和Bell基测量	单光子测量	单光子测量和Bell基测量	单光子测量和Bell基测量	Bell基测量	Bell基测量
经典参与者执行的操作	使用Z基制备新的量子态; Z基测量; 无干扰的反射粒子	使用Z基制备新的量子态; Z基测量; 无干扰的反射粒子	使用Z基制备新的量子态; Z基测量; 无干扰的反射粒子	使用Z基制备新的量子态; 无干扰的反射粒子;	使用Z基制备新的量子态; Z基测量; 无干扰的反射粒子	Z基测量; 无干扰的反射粒子;
量子效率	25%	6.25%	3.125%	25%	25%	50%

Table 4. Comparison of similar semi-quantum private comparison protocols

文献 [32] 协议

本研究提出的协议

用户的量子操作

产生诱骗态;

执行Bell测量和Z基测量;

将量子比特存储在量子存储器中

Z基测量;

无干扰的反射量子位

用户所需量子设备

量子寄存器, 纠缠态发生器, 量子存储器

量子存储器

Table 5. Comparison with quantum private protocol of full quantum capability

Guan HUANG, Xiaoping LOU. Semi-quantum private comparison protocol based on four-particle GHZ state[J]. Chinese Journal of Quantum Electronics, 2023, 40(5): 726

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