In order to find a fast and scientific method to identify the Pu’er ripe teas with different origins and fermentation years, using the surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) technique was used to compare the similarities and differences between those teas with different origins and fermentation years in the Raman range of 600～1 800 cm-1. The results show that the trend of the SERS spectra are the same on the whole, but because of the diversity of different types of Pu’er ripe teas, there are so many differences between the SERS spectra, and we can use the differences to analyze and identify Pu’er ripe teas with different origins and fermentation years.