Frozen-slurry-based laminated object manufacturing has potential for use in the field of 3D printing for porous ceramics. To study the laser cutting process of frozen ceramic slurry, the heat conduction mathematical model of a CO₂ laser plane thermal source is established. COMSOL finite element simulation software is used to simulate the laser scan heating process. Considering pure ice as the ideal material, the mathematical model of the laser cutting depth is established by combining the experimental research. The results show that the laser cutting process of frozen ceramic slurry is similar to that of traditional non-metallic materials, and the depth of the "V"-shaped gasification cutting zone increases with the increase in the laser energy density. Because of the heat absorption and scattering of ceramic particles, a heat affected transition zone exists below the cutting area of frozen ceramic slurry. The actual cutting depth is different from the theoretical cutting depth of pure ice. If correction coefficients related to the material characteristics are introduced into the theoretical model, it can more effectively satisfy the actual laser cutting law. The results of this study can be used as a reference for parameter selection in the laser cutting process of frozen ceramic slurry.