• Advanced Photonics Nexus
  • Vol. 4, Issue 2, 026001 (2025)
Yanqi Chen1,2,†, Jiurun Chen3, Zhiping Wang4, Yuting Gao1,2..., Yonghong He3, Yishi Shi2 and An Pan1,2,*|Show fewer author(s)
Author Affiliations
  • 1Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi’an Institute of Optics and Precision Mechanics, State Key Laboratory of Transient Optics and Photonics, Xi’an, China
  • 2University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, School of Optoelectronics, Beijing, China
  • 3Tsinghua University, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Shenzhen, China
  • 4Biozentrum, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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    DOI: 10.1117/1.APN.4.2.026001 Cite this Article Set citation alerts
    Yanqi Chen, Jiurun Chen, Zhiping Wang, Yuting Gao, Yonghong He, Yishi Shi, An Pan, "Fast full-color pathological imaging using Fourier ptychographic microscopy via closed-form model-based colorization," Adv. Photon. Nexus 4, 026001 (2025) Copy Citation Text show less
    Principle of gCFPM. (a) Schematic of generalized dual-color-space-constrained model for color transfer; (b) principle of RGB-to-IHS transform; and (c) flow chart of gCFPM using IHS-RGB space constraints.
    Fig. 1. Principle of gCFPM. (a) Schematic of generalized dual-color-space-constrained model for color transfer; (b) principle of RGB-to-IHS transform; and (c) flow chart of gCFPM using IHS-RGB space constraints.
    Full-color imaging via gCFPM. (a) Imaging result of the sample; (b) photograph of cat stomach smooth muscle section; (c) enlarged view of ROI; and (d) full process time comparison of 3-FPM (three-channel FPM) and gCFPM.
    Fig. 2. Full-color imaging via gCFPM. (a) Imaging result of the sample; (b) photograph of cat stomach smooth muscle section; (c) enlarged view of ROI; and (d) full process time comparison of 3-FPM (three-channel FPM) and gCFPM.
    (a) Photograph of stratified epithelium section; (b) photograph of lycopodium sporophyll spike longitudinal section; (c) imaging result of (a); and (d) imaging result of (b).
    Fig. 3. (a) Photograph of stratified epithelium section; (b) photograph of lycopodium sporophyll spike longitudinal section; (c) imaging result of (a); and (d) imaging result of (b).
    Comparison of different colorization methods. (a) Simulation result; (b) RMSE and CSSIM comparison in (a); and (c) comparison using experimental data. The upper row in (c) shows the result of ROI 3 in the stratified epithelium section; the lower row in (c) shows the result of ROI 1 in lycopodium sporophyll spike L.S.
    Fig. 4. Comparison of different colorization methods. (a) Simulation result; (b) RMSE and CSSIM comparison in (a); and (c) comparison using experimental data. The upper row in (c) shows the result of ROI 3 in the stratified epithelium section; the lower row in (c) shows the result of ROI 1 in lycopodium sporophyll spike L.S.
    (a) Imaging results of gCFPM and 20× objective with defocus ranges from −30 to 30 μm; (b), (c) focus quality and sharpness assessment on two full-color imaging methods.
    Fig. 5. (a) Imaging results of gCFPM and 20× objective with defocus ranges from 30 to 30  μm; (b), (c) focus quality and sharpness assessment on two full-color imaging methods.
    Time (s)Stratified epithelium sectionLycopodium sporophyll spike L.S.
    SharpnessColorfulnessSharpnessColorfulness
    20 × 0.4NA17.59610.673324.25650.6535
    wavFPM22.950214.18530.695920.07680.5937
    FSCFPM3.719619.97780.730129.43960.5546
    CFFPM1622.744925.83840.640130.78400.5964
    gCFPM3.686820.34900.822028.57470.6435
    Table 1. Quantitative comparison of different methods in experiments.
    RMSE1-CSSIM
    IHS0.09280.1355
    YUV (BT.601)0.09260.1354
    YUV (BT.709)0.09270.1354
    YUV (BT.2020)0.09270.1354
    PKLT0.08910.1325
    Table 2. Assessment of gCFPM based on the extended linear transform.
    Yanqi Chen, Jiurun Chen, Zhiping Wang, Yuting Gao, Yonghong He, Yishi Shi, An Pan, "Fast full-color pathological imaging using Fourier ptychographic microscopy via closed-form model-based colorization," Adv. Photon. Nexus 4, 026001 (2025)
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